本文详细介绍了常用单质耐热炸药三氨基三硝基苯(TATB)、2,2',4,4',6,6'-六硝基芪(HNS),2,6-双(苦氨基)-3,5-二硝基吡啶(PYX)等的性能、合成工艺和优缺点。分三大类介绍了近5年来以苯环为母体的高温耐热炸药的研究进展,列举了具有良好应用前景的高温耐热炸药,如5,5'-二(2,4,6-三硝基苯基)-2,2'-二(1,3,4-恶二唑)(TKX-55)、2-氟-1,3,5-三氨基-4,6-二硝基苯(ZXC-8)、PYX的羟胺盐等。最后阐述了耐热炸药的研究现状。 The performance, synthesis process, advantages and disadvantages of commonly used elemental heat-resistant explosives 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobeneze (TATB), 2,2',4,4',6,6'-hexanitrostilbene (HNS), 2,6-hexanitrodiphenyl-amine-3,5-dinitropyridine (PYX) are introduced in detail. Three major categories were divided to introduce the research progress of high-temperature and heat-resistant explosives with benzene ring as the matrix in the past five years. High-temperature heat-resistant explosives with good application prospects are listed, such as 5,5'-bis(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)-2,2'- bi(1,3,4-oxadiazole)(TKX-55), 2-Fluoro-1,3,5-triamino-4,6-dinitrobenzene(ZXC-8), PYX hydroxylamine salts, etc. Finally, the research status of heat-resistant explosives is expounded.
The performance, synthesis process, advantages and disadvantages of commonly used elemental heat-resistant explosives 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobeneze (TATB), 2,2',4,4',6,6'-hexanitrostilbene (HNS), 2,6-hexanitrodiphenyl-amine-3,5-dinitropyridine (PYX) are introduced in detail. Three major categories were divided to introduce the research progress of high-temperature and heat-resistant explosives with benzene ring as the matrix in the past five years. High-temperature heat-resistant explosives with good application prospects are listed, such as 5,5'-bis(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)-2,2'-bi(1,3,4-oxadiazole)(TKX-55), 2-Fluoro-1,3,5-triamino-4,6-dinitrobenzene(ZXC-8), PYX hydroxylamine salts, etc. Finally, the research status of heat-resistant explosives is expounded.
Most promising heat-resistant explosives and their propertie
compound
molecular formula
M.W.1/ g∙mol−1
IS2/J
FS3/N
ρ4/g∙cm−3
ΔfHm5/ kJ∙mol−1
ΔfU6/ KJ∙kg−1
Td7/℃
VC-J8/m∙s−1
PC-J9/GPa
ZXC-7
C6H5FN4O4
216.03
60
360
1.83
377.7
4593
294
7190
22.610
ZXC-8
C6H6FN5O4
231.04
60
360
1.85
423.8
4355
304
7220
22.811
TATB
C6H6N6O6
258.05
>60
360
1.94
455.7812
518112
375
788012
27.912
PYX
C17H7N11O16
621.34
10
360
1.76
43.7
4993
360
7713
24.5
HNS
C14H6N6O12
450.23
5
240
1.74
78.2
5263
318
7545
23.6
TKX-55
C16H4N10O14
560.26
5
360
1.84
197.6
4961
335
8030
27.3
ONTOTBCO
C24H6N8O20
728.36
43
360
1.75
618.6
-
375
7865
28.9
ZXC-20
C24H8N8F2O20
764.34
61
360
1.91
1000.6
-
334
8070
29.5
PYX∙2NH2OH
C17H13N13O18
687.36
5
324
1.71
382.1
5659
333
7910
26.4
表1. 最有前途的耐热炸药及其性能
Note: 1Molecular weight. 2Impact sensitivity (BAM drophammer, 3Friction sensitivity (BAM drophammer, method 1 of 6). 4Density at 298 K. 5Standard molar enthalpy of formation. 6Heat of detonation. 7Temperature of decomposition. 8Detonation velocity. 9Detonation pressure [
10
]. The calculated value of detonation pressure when the density is 1.76 g∙cm−3 [
11
]. The calculated value of detonation pressure when the density is 1.77 g∙cm−3 [
12
]. The calculated value at ρ = 1.83 [g∙cm−3].
张梦娇,邹芳芳,张行程,胡文祥. 以苯环为母体的耐热炸药的研究进展Progress in Heat-Resistant Explosives with Benzene Ring as Matrix[J]. 比较化学, 2020, 04(04): 27-34. https://doi.org/10.12677/CC.2020.44004
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