Preparation and Fluoride Removal Performance of Layered Double Oxides-Hangjin Attapulgite Clay Composite
The layered double oxides and modified Hangjin Attapulgite clay composite (LDO-Clay) were prepared by in-situ co-precipitation-calcination method, using oxalic acid and hydrochloric acid acidified Hangjin attapulgite and its acid leaching wastewater as the main raw materials. The preferred raw materials are oxalic acid leaching wastewater and hydrochloric acid acidified clay, then the LDO-Clay composites with different LDO amounts were prepared. The characterization results showed that LDO and Clay were uniformly compounded. The effects of LDO amount and dosage on the adsorption performance of LDO-Clay composites were studied. The results showed that 50% LDO-Clay had the best adsorption performance, and the optimal dosage was 0.2 g. The removal efficiency of F − solution with the initial concentration of 10 mg/L was 70%.
Layered Double Hydroxide
为探索杭锦凹凸棒黏土高值化绿色利用的新途径,本文以草酸和盐酸酸化杭锦凹凸棒黏土及其酸浸废液为主要原料,通过原位共沉淀法制备LDH-改性杭锦凹凸棒黏土复合物(LDH-Clay),经400℃焙烧,获得相应金属氧化物-Clay复合物(LDO-Clay)并用于去除水中的氟离子。
实验试剂均为分析纯,主要有H2C2O4 (天津市光复科技发展有限公司);NaOH(天津市鑫铂特化工有限公司);Na2CO3 (上海阿拉丁生化科技有限公司);浓盐酸(成都市科隆化学品有限公司);MgCl2∙6H2O、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(C19H42BrN, CTAB)、氟化钠(上海阿拉丁生化科技有限公司);无水乙醇(C2H5OH,天津永晟精细化工有限公司)。
文献研究
采用原位共沉淀法制备LDO-Clay。1. 参考本课题组成果
OW |
HW |
|
O-Clay |
20% O-LDO-O-Clay |
20% H-LDO-O-Clay |
H-Clay |
20% LDO-Clay |
20% H-LDO-H-Clay |
采用电感耦合等离子体质谱分析(ICP-MS,美国赛默飞世尔科技有限公司,ICAP RQ)分析复合物中金属离子含量。采用多晶X射线衍射仪(XRD,日本理学株式会社RegaKu Uitima IV)分析样品晶相,Cu靶,功率40 kV,光源波长0.1540 nm,扫描速度8˚/min,范围5˚~80˚。利用ZEISS Sigma500场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)完成样品形貌分析。利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS, Thermo Scientific K-Alpha)进行表面元素价态和化学环境分析。
准确量取25.0 mL 10 mg/L氟离子标准溶液于塑料瓶中,pH = 8,加入0.05 g样品,25℃恒温振荡4 h,离心分离,采用离子选择性电极法测定氟离子浓度(上海雷磁PHSJ-3F离子计,PHSJ-3F氟离子选择性电极)。
平衡吸附量qe(mg/g)和去除率R(%)计算方法如公式(1)和(2)所示
(1)
(2)
其中:C0代表氟离子初始浓度(mg/L);Ce代表氟离子平衡浓度(mg/L);V为溶液体积(L);m为除氟剂用量(g)。
改变除氟剂(50% LDO-Clay)用量(0.05~0.5 g),按上述步骤考察除氟剂投加量对其除氟性能的影响。
Samples |
wt%a |
|||
Ca2+ |
Mg2+ |
Al3+ |
Fe3+ |
|
5% LDO-Clay |
n.d. |
2.88 |
0.73 |
0.83 |
10% LDO-Clay |
n.d. |
8.10 |
1.48 |
1.78 |
20% LDO-Clay |
n.d. |
11.89 |
2.41 |
2.81 |
50% LDO-Clay |
n.d. |
16.96 |
3.71 |
4.70 |
aBy ICP-MS, n.d. Not detected.
由
由
以草酸和盐酸酸化杭锦凹凸棒黏土及其酸浸废液为主要原料,通过原位共沉淀–焙烧法成功制备LDO-Clay复合物。通过除氟性能对比,优选草酸酸浸废液和盐酸酸化黏土为原料制备不同LDO掺杂量
的LDO-Clay复合物。样品表征和除氟性能测试结果表明,成功制备均匀的LDO-Clay复合物,且两种组分间可能存在相互作用,其中LDO主要发挥除氟作用,除氟率随LDO掺杂量增大而增加。50% LDO-Clay除氟性能最佳,最佳用量0.2 g,对初始浓度为10 mg/L的F−溶液的除氟率为70%。
*通讯作者。